Guillain-Barré Syndrome: NCLEX Priorities
GBS: ascending paralysis post-infection, respiratory monitoring, IVIG/plasmapheresis.
GBS is acute demyelinating polyneuropathy. NCLEX tests ascending paralysis pattern and respiratory monitoring.
Recognition
Ascending symmetric weakness starting in legs, often after viral or Campylobacter infection. Areflexia. Possible facial weakness, dysphagia, autonomic dysfunction.
Respiratory monitoring
Vital capacity (VC) and negative inspiratory force (NIF) trended. Intubate when VC <15 mL/kg or NIF less negative than -25 cm H2O.
Treatment
IVIG or plasmapheresis within 2 weeks of onset. Steroids NOT helpful. Supportive care.
Recovery
Usually weeks to months. Most recover fully or near-fully. Some residual weakness.
Frequently asked
Difference from MS?
GBS: acute, ascending, post-infection, areflexia. MS: chronic, episodic, varied locations, often hyperreflexia.
Autonomic dysfunction signs?
BP swings, dysrhythmias, ileus, urinary retention. Cardiac monitoring.
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